DNA molecules are packaged into chromosomes.A human cell must duplicate about 2 m of DNA and separate the two copies such that each daughter cell ends up with a complete genome.In eukaryotes, the genome consists of several DNA molecules.In prokaryotes, the genome is often a single long DNA molecule.A cell’s genetic information, packaged as DNA, is called its genome.A dividing cell duplicates its DNA, allocates the two copies to opposite ends of the cell, and then splits into two daughter cells.What is remarkable is the fidelity with which DNA is passed along, without dilution, from one generation to the next.Cell division requires the distribution of identical genetic material-DNA-to two daughter cells.Cell division is part of the cell cycle, the life of a cell from its origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two.Ĭoncept 12.1 Cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells.In a multicellular organism, cell division functions to repair and renew cells that die from normal wear and tear or accidents.Cell division enables a multicellular organism to develop from a single fertilized egg or zygote.This includes organisms that can grow by cuttings.Cell division on a larger scale can produce progeny for some multicellular organisms.The division of a unicellular organism reproduces an entire organism, increasing the population.The continuity of life is based on the reproduction of cells, or cell division.Ĭell division functions in reproduction, growth, and repair.The ability of organisms to reproduce their kind is the one characteristic that best distinguishes living things from nonliving matter.
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